WoW!!!..World Class Architecture!!!

Hi…hello! It’s me “JAMEZ V. REVILLA “. And I have a last two words to say, “Bye bye”!!! <. ( T _ T ) .> huhuhuhu….how sad!!! But, don’t worry! Be happy! Because even though it will be the last topic in (HOA 2) History of Architecture 2 for this blog, I will still post in this blog. Well… back to the real topic! The next’s and the last topic for this blog is about “INTERNATIONAL STYLE BUILDING”.

 

What is INTERNATIONAL STYLE BUILDING?

             International Style Building in the USA is a term that often used to describe Bauhas architecture. The book The International Style by historian and critic Henry-Russell Hitchcock and architect Philip Johnson get this name “International Style Building”. This book was published in year 1932 in concurrence with a presentation at the Museum of Modern Art in New York and it recognized, categorizes and extended upon characteristics common to Modernism transversely the world and its stylistic aspects. The aim of Hitchcock and Johnson was to define a style that would summarize this modern architecture, and they did this by the inclusion of specific architects.

This is the authors identified three principles:

First is the expression of volume rather than mass.

The next one is the importance on balance rather than predetermined symmetry, and the expulsion of applied ornament.

 All the works in the exhibition were carefully selected, only displaying those that strictly followed these rules:

Previous uses of the term in the same context can be attributed to Walter Gropius in Internationale Architektur, and Ludwig Hilberseimer in Internationale neue Baukunst

The German Bauhaus architecture had been concerned with the social aspects of design; America’s International Style became a symbolism of Capitalism: The International Style is the favored architecture for office buildings, and is also found in upscale homes built for the rich.

By the mid-twentieth century, many variations of the International Style had evolved. In southern California and the American Southwest, architects adapted the International Style to the warm climate and arid terrain, creating an elegant yet informal style known as Desert Modernism.  

One of the most famous examples of the International Style is the United Nations Secretariat building, designed by Le Corbusie. The smooth glass-sided slab dominates New York’s skyline along the East River. The United Nations Secretariat building was completed in 1952.

In foreign countries

The main concern to use of the term ‘International Style’, the same determined towards generalization, honesty and clarity are identifiable in US architects, particularly in the work of Louis Sullivan and Frank Lloyd Wright  in Chicago, as well as the west-coast residences of Irving Gill. Frank Lloyd Wright’s Wasmuth Portfolio inclined the work of European modernists, and his travels there probably influenced his own work, although he refused to be categorized with them. In year 1922, the competition for the Tribune Tower and its famous second-place entry by Eliel Saarinen gave a clear indication of what was to come.

The term International Style came from the 1932 exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art, prepared by Philip Johnson, and from the title of the exhibition catalog for that exhibit, written by Johnson and Henry Russell Hitchcock. It addressed building from 1922 through 1932. Johnson named, codified, promoted and delicately re-defined the whole movement by his inclusion of certain architects, and his description of their motives and values. Many Modernists disliked the term, believing that they had arrived at an approach to architecture that transcend “style”, along with any national or regional or continental identity. The British architectural historian Sir Nikolaus Pevsner commented, “To me what had been achieved in 1914 was the style of the century. It never occurred to me to look beyond. Here was the one and only style which fitted all those aspects which mattered, aspects of economics and sociology, of materials and function. It seems folly to think that anybody would wish to abandon it.”

Johnson also defines the modern movement as an aesthetic style, rather than a matter of political statement. This was a different approach from the functionalist principles of some of the original Weissenh of architects, particularly the Dutch, and especially J.J.P. Oud, with whom Johnson maintained a prickly correspondence on the topic. The same year that Johnson coined the term International Style, saw the completion of the world’s first International Style skyscraper, Philadelphia’s PSFS Building. Designed by the truly “international” team of architects, George Howe and William Lescaze, the PSFS Building has become an integral element of the Philadelphia skyline.

International Style Today

In our time from now, although it was conceived as a movement that transcended style, the International Style was largely archaic in the era of Postmodern Architecture that in progress in the year 1960s. In 2006, Hugh Pearlman, the architectural critic of the The Times, observed that those using the style today are simply “another species of revivalist”, noting the satire.

 

This are the example of International Style Building

Toronto City Hall

Villa Savoye, by Le Corbusier

The PSFS Building, now Loews Philadelphia Hotel

Back to the History!!!

History? history? history? why history? what will be the used of it to us?Why we need to back to the history specially in architecture?hmmm Well…. in architecture history, there are many thing that happened. Just like the evolving of structures just like houses from neolithic period until 20th century. But our focus in this period is the “Art Deco”!!

What is Art Deco???
Well…. Art Deco was the style of the future, of the new Machine Age that allowed products, from cars to teacups, to be run off by the hundreds in long production lines. The linear, hard-edge and angular composition with geometrically stylized decoration characterize the machine-crisp style gave way to ?Streamline Moderne,? a later stylistic variation of Art Deco. Everything had to be streamlined to keep up with the fast speed the world was moving forward with. Look at the Boeing Stratocruiser, Studebaker, and even refrigerators of the time. Streamlining developed into the shape expressing that fascination with speed best, so architecture, furniture, interior and product design from kitchen appliances to radios followed suit and became streamlined. It was the age of technological breakthroughs, of dawning consumerism, when machines and mass-production brought sophisticated design within everyone?s reach. The 1930s machine-age ethic demanded simple, direct lines. Architecturally, wall surfaces, whether straight or curved, were stretched drumskin-taut like bows of ocean liners, pierced by porthole-round windows to complete the image. Reinforced concrete, milled lumber, corrugated galvanized-iron roofing, steel sash windows and glass were introduced. Standardized building elements allowed achieving the machine precision so prized in Art Deco architecture that was fluid juxtaposed with rigid geometric of volumes, planes and straight lines. The Art Deco style encompassed more than just architecture. In its total package were the decorative arts, fashion, and jewelry and everything else that expressed the vibrant energy of that era that broke old barriers and created new horizons.

Filipino adaptation

As a Filipino architects, it’s responding to the tropical environment, softened the severe Western architectural style.Like thin concrete slabs broke flat facades, protruding from unadorned wall surfaces to protect door and window openings from torrential monsoon rain and hot sun. For increased air circulation in the hot and humid Philippine tropics, windows were enlarged, and geometric hand-wrought iron grilles covered openings cut into the exterior walls for ventilation. The wall of translucent glass blocks so typical of 1930s Art Deco architecture has a tropical twist at Far Eastern University. Instead of the expected solid wall of square glass blocks, it is a checkerboard of open and closed glass block squares that allow airflow. The deep greens of tropical foliage in gardens with full-grown hardwood trees shading buildings from the sun further soften the tight architectural lines. Adaptation of Filipino elements in Art Deco detailing?stylized flora, fauna, folk art patterns and even mythological figures?infuse a distinctly Filipino hand-crafted dimension to the otherwise foreign style. The wealth of detail surviving in Manila?s Metropolitan Theater (by architect Juan Arellano) is testimony to the creativity and cultural grounding of the Filipino artist despite his working in a western idiom. At first appearance, Art Deco in the Philippines follows the dictates of the international style. Upon closer inspection, the Filipino overlay to the style is obvious. The Filipino, master of adaptation that he is, has created a national version to the international Art Deco. Architecture in Art Deco style appeared all over the Philippines. It once was the embodiment of being abreast with the times and with the latest technology. Art Deco civic buildings were built in many Philippine cities. Appropriately, homes of the affluent were in that style. Movie theaters, the new palaces of pleasure, were Art Deco fantasies. Art Deco pervaded all levels. Not only was architecture and furniture in the Deco style, so were lighting fixtures, and home accessories from vases to ashtrays. Airplanes, cars, even toasters were designed in Deco. Fashion was totally Deco. Think Dior?s ?New Look? and Chanel who liberated women from confining clothing. Think Hollywood glamour. Think Art Deco as a lifestyle. The Art Deco style took the world by storm as it did the Philippines. It was the perfect vocabulary for the country to showcase the Commonwealth era?s thrust to fall in step with the world and with the 20th century. Those were heady, adolescent days for the Philippines, now a forgotten era whose golden memory this book hopes to revive.

This is an example of Art Deco Building or Structures

Former Daily Express Building in Manchester, designed by Sir Owen Williams

Kavanagh Building, Buenos Aires. 1934 design by Gregorio Sánchez, Ernesto Lagos, Luis María de la Torre

Former Russell Street Police Headquarters, 1936, Melbourne, Australia

I hope you like it!!! thanks for reading this!!!

Again and Again

Hi! … Hello there! … It’s me again “JAMEZ” and I’m here “AGAIN” to write to this blog my own explanation “SLASH”, opinion “SLASH”, description “SLASH”, suggestion, and etc. for this two new topic as in “NEW TOPIC” that we gave to us. These two new topics was an interesting topic for me especially to my course “BS ARCHITECTURE”.
What is this two “TOPICS”???
Well….the first one is to compare this two structures in different time and place and that is the Quezon Hall in UP Diliman, Philippines (Local) and the Cranbrook Academy of Art in British Columbia, Canada (Foreign). And the second one is the question: As an architecture student, It’s is right that Architect Juan F. Nakpil was called one of the National Artists for architecture? And why? And this are the two questions that we need to tackle to know deeper information and to answer the question that still asking to us! So….Let’s started!!! The first topic is the:
Quezon Hall and Cranbrook Academy of Art
When the day that our professor Arch. Alvin Eber Arlanza gave this topic, I thought it was interesting place again but its not! Joke….just kidding! What I mean is the place that I’m not go there yet…except this Cranbrook Academy of Art in Canada because it’s in the USA and me is in here in the Philippines but soon I’ll go there to see that beautiful structure! And this Quezon Hall in UP Diliman! That I always see it because my house is near to UP Diliman. Well, back to the topic! When that time that our professor gave this topic to us, this questions that enter to my mind: “What’s all about this two structure?”
The Quezon Hall in Philippines and Cranbrook Academy of Art in Canada are the structures that fame in different place but different architect that design on it. Let me tell a little bit small information about these two structures. You see that Quezon Hall was built in the famous Universities in this country and that is University of the Philippines or UP Diliman in Quezon City. The UP Diliman was formally established as a constituent university on April 23, 1985 and has a total land area of 493 hectares (1,218.23 acres). In UP Diliman, there’s a lot of famous structure in here, there are the Oblation and Academic Oval, the Oblation Statue is in front of the Quezon Hall and the oblation happened and the main and largest road in the university is the Academic Oval, informally known as “Acad Oval” at the back of Quezon Hall. This road is composed of two joining avenues of the Roxas and Osmena Avenues. Having a total circumference of about 2.2 kilometers, the oval connects the rest of the colleges of the university from the main University Avenue.
And the Cranbrook Academy of Art in Canada, as also known as the Cradle of American Modernism. This structure was significant impact on the world of art, architecture, and design completely disproportionate to its size and this are the someof the outstanding artists, architects and designers of the Cranbrook Academy of Art: Saarinens, Ray and Charles Eames, Florence Knoll, Jack Lenor Larsen, Donald Lipski, Duane Hanson and Hani Rashid that have been a part of Cranbrook’s community of artists. In 1904, George Gough and Ellen Scripps Booth bought the property that would becomeCranbrook, and spent their first years at Cranbrook landscaping the property and constructing their family home designed by Albert Kahn. With their estate established, they began the buildings for public use. At the suggestion of his son Henry, George Booth approached Eliel Saarinen, a visiting professor in architectural design at the University of Michigan, with his idea for an art academy. Ultimately Booth invited Saarinen to move to Cranbrook from Finland to oversee the architectural and landscape development of the campus. The Cranbrook School for Boys was completed in 1928, Brookside School Cranbrook in 1929, and Kings wood School(for girls) in 1931.
So Quezon Hall in Philippines and Cranbrook Academy of Art in Canada was have a same design concept, shape or even style of the structure but still there is a difference between to of us especially is details. The structure of two is same type of a frame concept, but still the Cranbrook Academy of Art in Canada was the first built this type of structure and the designer of the Quezon Hall in UP Diliman was just copyright of first one! In structure details, there are almost the same but not all! And this is the difference base on my observation:

In columns, the Quezon Hall is cylindrical type but the Cranbrook Academy of Art is square type.
In exterior materials, the Cranbrook Academy of Art material used in exterior is more on bricks because the reason of winter climate in that place but the Quezon Hall is have almost a touch of bricks but it just a little bit.
In Quezon Hall has a passage to reach the other side in second floor but in Cranbrook Academy of Art haven’t.
And lastly the Quezon Hall is up to third floor high but the Cranbrook Academy of Art is just still second floor.



Quezon Hall in UP Diliman



Cranbrook Academy of Art in British Columbia, Canada
And as a future architect in the future someday! This design must be prevent and to grow until in the future so that they will see the greatness of architecture from now hen the future comes. And I promise to myself that I will create a design that also our nation will be proud and know how great a Filipino architects in the Philippines!
I hope u like it!!!! Thanks for reading this!!!! God Bless You!!!

…Neoclassicism…

Hi! it’s me again jamez and I’m here to write again for the next topic for this blog and that is the “Neoclassicism!” Neo???…Neo???…Neo???…What is Neoclassicism?…And what is the relationship and attribute of Neoclassicism in the history specially in architecture? Well…let me start this!!!…

Well…Neoclassicism is a type of architecture that originally derived in the year of the Classical Greece architecture and started by an Italian Architect named Andrea Palladio. Architect Andrea Palladio was an active architect in the place named Republic of Venice. he was influenced by the Greek and Roman Architecture by Vitruvius at the same time, he was teaching and summarized the “The Four Books of Architecture” that recognition him more widely. We will now back to the Neoclassicism! Where are we now???….OH!!! i remember now!!!!… well, this architectural style of Neoclassical was started by the Neoclassical Movement. This Neoclassical Movement is Western people that drawing a inspirational from the a “classical” art by the culture of Ancient Greece and Rome. This Neoclassical Movement was began in the mid-18th century that this movement was against the naturalistic ornament details of Rococo style and because of Late Baroque, its architectural formulas as an outgrowth of Classing Features.

***Characteristic Of Neoclassicism***

We now go on to the characteristic of a Neoclassical Architecture. In Highly Neoclassicism, the international movement employ same expression of classical as Late Baroque Architecture in tends to more accentuate its planar quantities, rather than in the sculptural thing. Light and Shade are more flat to recession the effect of it. And the sculptural beys-reliefs are flatter and tend to be unframed in the friezes, tablets or panels. Its clearly articulated individual features are isolated rather than interpenetrating, autonomous and complete in themselves.

…but wait there’s more….

The Neoclassical era are concluding with the flourishing of the Beaux-Arts style. The Beaux-Arts is depending on sculptural decoration that along conservative modern lines, employing French and Italian Baroque and Rococo formulas combined with an impressionistic finish and realism. The typical Be aux-Arts building is a vast rectangular block with a ground story and a very tall second story, the latter of which features a repeating exterior texture of towering columns and/or arches.

And because of this… we go to the place here in the Philippines that influenced of Neoclassicism and that are:

* Post Office
* Department of Tourism
* National Museum
* Manila City Hall

that we will see all of this in Manila.

I’m sorry if i cant describe or define the inside/interior of each structure because of the reason, the day that we go there was closed. Its a bad news for me but still continue for this blog!!!

Post Office

Did you know what is “Post Office?” Post office is a facility that forming part of a postal system for the posting, receipt, sorting, handling, transmission or delivery of mail and the post office that i was telling is the Post office in Manila, Philippines. The Exterior of the Post Office is influence by the Neoclassicism just like more on columns in every part of Post Office, it has influence by the Classical Greece Columns and it is a Doric type. Also the designs in the upper part of the post office was more detailed. They used semi-circular part each side.

The other on is the ….

Department of Tourism

In Department of Tourism in Manila, Philippines is the one who manage our nation for the income and outcome of the tourism in the Philippines. Well….we back to the topic! Department of Tourism is also more on columns in design in each side of it that influenced by the Classical Greece Architecture that what I’m said earlier.But the column that used was a Corinthian style like in Egypt.

Next is the…

National Museum??? this one of the famous museum in the Philippines because almost of the historical and antic arts and paintings. The National Museum is also more on Columns because of the influence by the Neoclassicism and the kind of column that used is also Corinthian style. The design of the National Museum is similar to the design of a Municipal Hall, have a triangle part in upper part of it with a human sculptures on it.

And lastly is the…

Manila City Hall!!! you will see the Manila City Hall in Manila, Philippines. Trivia: the design of the Manila City Hall id a shape of the coffin!!! i know that it was crazy but that’s true. Manila City Hall has a tower that influence by the Late Baroque style. The difference of it to other is the limited used of Corinthian types of column.

And that all that i know!!!

I wish that you like it! and you learned a lot! thanks for reading it!!!

this is Jamez Revilla again and again!!! and Im now signing off!!!

…\\\…///…Baroque Churches…\\\…///…

“Your imagination is your preview of life’s coming attractions.”

-by Albert Einstein

…Confusing???…///( ? _ ? )\\\…I know that you’re thinking about the quotation in the upper portion of this article???…and what will be the connection of this in my topic???…Well…this quotation of Albert Einstein was  makes me inspire a lot, because this quotation “Your imagination is your preview of life’s coming attraction.” for me it can be relate or reflection to us as an architecture students. Why? because the imagination that tells in the quotation is our being creative and open minded in our client needs and in the environment to make it an attraction in outside or exterior design at the same time in inside or interior too. So that, as an students of architecture and until we became a future architects someday, imagination is important to us. And that’s why, Baroque Churches in related or connected on it.

There’s a lot of churches in all part of of Philippines but we know what are the types of the churches, “RIGHT”…?!?! There is a lot of kinds/types of churches in the Philippines, but my topic is Baroque Churches. Baroque Architecture is one of the most commonly types of churches all over the Philippines. The examples of  Baroque Churches in the Philippines are:

• Nuestra Senora De La Asuncion in Santa Maria, Ilocos Sur
• Sto. Tomas De Villanueva in Miag-go, Iloilo
• San Agustin Chuch in Paoay, Ilocos Norte and etc.

And in the Capital Region of the Philippines or Manila,the San Augustin Church, Quiapo Church, Sta Cruz Church, Binondo Church,and Malate Church are the types of a Baroque Architecture.

But before we go to the churches, let we talk about first “What is Baroque Architecture?”…Well….Baroque Architecture is a period  after the renaissance. It’s is period of arc and dramatic structures with irregular shapes and expensive decoration. I also notice that the word Baroque means “misshapen pearl.” A Baroque Architecture features sculpted walls and curved design, responsive colours and gilding, and the positioning of windows for dramatic lighting effects. And the Baroque architects freely moulded surfaces to achieve three-dimensional sculpted classicism.

The also motivation of Baroque is the art or “Baroque Art.” Baroque Art is characterized by a strong sense of motion that augmented by effects of a strong curves, rich decorations.In Southern Western European, they embarrassed by the full-blown Baroque aesthetic.And a sort of classical-Baroque compromise or “restrained Baroque” was struck in the Northern Western Europe.

In part of Baroque period, there’s a lot of outstanding just like in Early Baroque ca. 1600-1625, that was the time where they have Maderno or facade in St Peter’s church. The other one is in High Baroque ca. 1625-1660 , that was the time where Bernini in St. Peter’s had baldachin and colonnades. After the High Baroque the Late Baroque ca. 1660-1725 came and that was thw time where had chateaus especially Versailles. And lastly is the Rococo ca. 1725-1775, and that was the time where the churches  influence just like in the Austria, and Southern Germany.

Now, we back to the churches in manila that was Baroque Architecture. What I’m said lately, Sta. Augustin Church, Quiapo Church, Malate Church, Sta. Cruz Church, and Binondo Church are some of the Baroque Architecture in the Philippines.

 

San Agustin Church is one of the oldest church in the Philippines that still standing. This church was located in Manila, inside of the famous Intramuros. The  Sta. Agustin Church was formally declared complete on January 19, 1607, and named “St. Paul of Manila.” And as a Catholic Pilipino, we are also be thankful because when the World War II came, one of place that bomb was the intramuros and this church was still standing! This church was historical church in the Philippines.

 

 

 

 

Next is the Quiapo Church, this church is one of the famous church in the present. it’s because that Black Nazarene enshrining. The Black Nazarene was a dark statue of Jesus Christ that  which many faithful claim to have miraculous powers to the devotion of the people who truly have strong faith to Jesus Christ. Quiapo Church was also called “Minor Basilica of the Black Nazarene” because of the Famous Black Nazarene and also known as “Saint John the Baptist Parish.” In February 1, 1988, this church became as “Minor Basilica” and in October 30, 1928, that was the date where the Quiapo Church was burned. There’s a lot of changes of Quiapo Church just like the columns and trust inside the church but now they remove it. By the way, Filipino Architect and Artist “Juan Nakpil” Church.

 

 

 

 

The other one is Malate Church, this church was near to to Manila Bay in Manila.The Malate Church aslo one of the oldest churches in the philippines before World War II came. The church was destroyed by the typhoon came in year 1868 and the bad news is this church was badly damage in World War II. And now in the present, you will see the renovation of the church because the structure  was getting weak.

 

 

 

 

Next is Sta. Cruz Church,this church was located on the right bank of the Pasig River, on the northern portion of the City of Manila, and near the mouth of the river between the districts of Tondo and Quiapo. Santa Cruz Church was build on June 20, 1619 by the Jesuits or also called “Society of Jesus.” And when the World War II happened, this Sta Cruz Church was still standing.

 

 

 

 

 

And lastly, the BInondo Church, this church was located in the District of Binondo, Manila. it is also called that “Minor Basilica of St. Lorenzo Ruiz.“ It was build in year 1596 and found by the Dominican Priest. When the World War II came, the Binondo church was destroyed and only the western facade and the octagonal bell tower surviving.

 

 

 

This are some of the Baroque Churches in the Philippines. The difference of the characteristic of each Baroque churches are:

The first one is the Quiapo Church that has a towers or domes, an abundance of windows inside and outside of the church, twist column, and decorative instead of supportive.

The second one is the San Agustin Church, it has also a towers or domes, an abundance of windows, decorative instead of supportive, more curves instead of straight lines in interior design of the church, and ceiling frescos, broad naves, and blending of paintings and architecture,that Quiapo Church haven’t.

The third one is the Malate Church that has also again a towers or domes, an abundance of windows, decorative instead of supportive, and more curves instead of straight lines in interior design of the church but no ceiling frescos, broad nave and blending of paintings and architecture, just like the San Agustin Church.

The fourth one is the Sta. Cruz Church,it has again and again a towers or domes, an abundance of windows, decorative instead of supportive, and highly decorative details and ornaments, but no ceiling frescos, broad nave and blending of paintings and architecture, just like the Malate and San Agustin Church.

Lastly the Binondo Church that has again and again and again a towers or domes, an abundance of windows, decorative instead of supportive, and highly decorative details and ornaments, ceiling frescos, appearance of movement, more curves instead of straight lines but no broad nave.

And that’s all about the Baroque Church and the difference of each others Baroque Church.

Tnx…(>_<)…

\m/( > _ _ < )\m/

Hello! 🙂 🙂 🙂 ……whoOoOoAaAaAaHhHh…\m/( 0 o 0 )\m/ …It’s me again “JAMEZ”, and posting again n again in Word Press for assignment in (HOA2) or History of Architecture 2. 🙂 🙂 🙂 ….Well, the question is, “WHAT’S NEW”!?!?! ( ? _ ? )… The new is…we must go to another church and that is….San Sebastian Church near in manila.

But first….lets we talk about first what kind of architecture is the San Sebastian Church? Ahhhhmmmm…..  San Sebastian Church is one also of the gothic architecture. Why I’m say that? …Well… it is not what I’m saying in my last post in my blog in Word Press, it is a Gothic Architecture.

( ? _ ? ) What is Gothic Architecture??? (  ? _ ? )

Base in what I’m search and read is Gothic Architecture is start in high and late Medieval Period. This style of architecture is evolved of Romanesque Architecture and was succeed by Renaissance Architecture. In churches of Europe, Cathedrals, and Abbeys that most familiar as the gothic architecture and its characteristic features include the pointed arch, the ribbed vault and mostly the flying buttress. Gothic architecture is the term used to describe the building styles which were using between 1200 to1500. The different types of English Gothic Architecture styles are divided into three phases and those are Early English Gothic Style or also called that “Lancet” in year 1200 to 1300 then Decorated Gothic Style in year 1300 to 1400 and lastly Perpendicular Gothic Style in year 1400 to 1500.

 This phased Gothic Architecture expressions was devised by the English architect Thomas Rickman and used in his book ‘An Attempt to Discriminate the Styles of English Architecture from the Conquest to the Reformation’ which was published in 1817. Each of the three phases of Gothic Architecture has a unique characteristic. Understanding the Characteristics provide the answer to “What is Gothic Architecture?”

( ? _ ? ) What is the Characterized of the Gothic Architecture in 1200 to 1500 Medieval Period???( ? _ ? )

Well…The characterized of the style of Gothic Architecture that described as Early English or Lancet used during the period of 1200 up to 1300 are many just like in the large blocks of stone used by the Normans that were replaced by shaped stone. Next is the Norman hollow walls were replaced with solid walls and pillars that allowing them to hold far greater weights and the Gothic style of Building and Architecture provided much bigger structures. The one is Early English Gothic architecture emphasized height and used the pointed arch. The other is the pointed arch could support greater weight, allowing walls to be thinner with wider window openings.

Next is the introduction of flying buttresses, which distributed the weight of roofs and walls right down to the ground. Gothic architecture and design also is allowed architects to spread the weight to different points of the structures. And the other one is Towers was often surmounted with very slender towers. Use of the chisel, as opposed to axes, led to more decorative designs. And lastly is Sculptures of Stone Gargoyles were introduced as waterspouts protecting the foundations from rain.

Next is the characterized of the style of Gothic Architecture described as Decorated used during the period of 1300 up to 1400. They Decorated Gothic style was characterized by wider windows. There wider windows were decorated with tracery (a system of window decoration) and ornamentation. And lastly, Gothic Rose Windows are associated with great Gothic Churches and Cathedrals however some small Rose Windows were featured in the Chapels of Gothic Castles. Rose Windows were a decorative by-product of the development of stained glass. The innovative use of vaults and buttresses in weight support allowed for the elaborate Rose Windows to be featured in the building as a major entry of light.

Lastly is the characterized of the style of Gothic Architecture described as Perpendicular, used during the period of 1400 up to1500, are Fan vaulting, Hammer beam roofs, Towers were often surmounted with very slender towers and use of the chisel, as opposed to axes and led to more decorative designs.

( ? _ ? ) What is the history of Gothic Architecture??? ( ? _ ? )

Well ….the History of Gothic Architecture dates back to the year 12th Century. This was an exciting time in Medieval European history. Why? Because many of Knights had travelled to the Holy Land on Crusades. They had seen the magnificent solid fortresses of the Byzantine Empire and these massive buildings influenced and revolutionized building ideas, engineering and architecture. In the new, Gothic Style of architecture and decoration emerged in France. It was initially simply called “The French Style”. The views expressed during the Renaissance period of history led to a different name for the style of architecture – Gothic. Appalled at the abandonment of classical Romanesque lines and proportion it was derisively called “Gothic”. This title alluded to the Barbaric Goths, or Visigoths, who, led by their leader Alaric sacked Rome in 410AD which ultimately led to the fall of the Roman Empire.

And that’s the information in Gothic Architecture that what I’m search and read and we now go on to San Sebastian Church…

??? What type of architecture is San Sebastian Church???

Ahmm….the type of architecture is the San Sebastian Church is a gothic style of architecture. Why?  Because the San Sebastian Church was have the characteristic and features of a gothic architecture and one of church that have the same style of architecture is the Western Façade of Reims Cathedral in France. You will also see the evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture inside and outside of the San Sebastian Church.

Gothic architecture is not merely about ornamentation. The Gothic style brought innovative new construction techniques that allowed churches and other buildings to reach great heights.One important innovation was the:

Pointed Arch

Well….In history, earlier Romanesque churches had pointed arches, but the builders didn’t capitalize on the shape of it. When during the Gothic era, the builders discovered that pointed arches would give structures amazing strength and stability inside and outside. And in Gothic buildings, the weight of the roof was supported by the arches rather than the walls and that walls could be thinner. Next is…..

Ribbed Vaulting

Well again….In history, earlier Romanesque churches relied on barrel vaulting and Gothic builders introduced the dramatic technique of ribbed vaulting.While barrel vaulting carried weight on continuous solid walls, ribbed vaulting used columns to support the weight. The ribs also delineated the vaults and gave a sense of unity to the structure. And in terms in symbolism and ornamentation, next is…

Stained Glass Windows

Then….since the walls themselves were no longer the primary supports in Gothic Architecture develop, the Gothic buildings could include large areas of glass. And huge stained glass windows and a profusion of smaller windows created the effect of lightness and space inside. Next is…

Height

And the other characteristic of Gothic church in architecture is its height, because both absolute and in proportion to its width. In a section of the main body of a Gothic church usually shows the nave as considerably taller than it is wide. And externally, the towers and the spires are characteristic of Gothic churches both great and small, and the number and positioning being one of the greatest variables in Gothic architecture.

And that’s the characteristics of San Sebastian Church as a Gothic Architecture……

……But wait theirs more!!!!!…….

Did u know that inside of the San Sebastian Church!!!!…. the vaults are made of “STEEL”!!!!!…….WHAT?????…… what’s true…… and that’s my survey to one of the past students there….thanks to him…because i did know that and when we go there, i thought that it was made of cement!!!!…hehehehe…thank to Ate Camille Ferrer!!!!…..Ho0o0o0o0oH…\m/(>_<)\m/….

And this is “JAMEZ REVILLA”! Signing out……..Boom!!!…..\m/(>_<)\m/

 

ARE MY DREAMS REAL??

 

A ring of a bell started to make some noise. So many people in a formal attire having fun. Every where I look, happiness is what I feel. Then, I saw a flock of doves flying. One thing I was wondering is that every people that surrounds me is looking straight upon my eyes. Together with their big and pleasing smile. Each of them is tapping at my shoulder as well as shaking with my hands. What an unusual happenings and after they shake my hands, they keep on telling me that “are you nervous? Just wait for a minute, she’s on her way!” then someone said “hey! Your going to be a real man now!” Then I ask myself, what’s going on hear? Do I have any event for today? Does this people are insane? I don’t really even know these person, one thing I knew, I’m at paradise, I’m at a beautiful place.

In a middle of analyzing everything, as I get nearer to get insane. A phrase I heard turn me into conscious. “you may now kiss the bride”

Huh! What is going on!!!

Suddenly I turn my head to my left, finding a girl holding my arms very tightly and said, “kiss my lips torridly!!!!” It’s a man voice hiding at a beautiful, gorgeous and sexy chick. Every man standing at my shoes is going to scream like crazy!

Whoooaaaaaahhhhhhh…………

Aaaaaaaaaaaahhhhhhhhhh………….

Aaaaaaaaaaaaahhhhhhhhhh…………

I scream out loud until my eyes opened.

Huh, huh, huh, huh, huh, huh,….!!!!!……!!!!…..

A breathe of a man finishing thousand of kilometer hurdle dash….

Ring………. Ring………….. Ring………… Ring…………….

My phone is ringing…. Oh! My alarm, what savior!! It makes me wake just in time before I kiss that alien! I kissed my phone and whispered “what a bad and ugly dream.” And of course bad dreams never been happen in real world.

It’s a dream! It’s a dream! It’s a dream! It’s a dream! It’s a dream!

A DREAM!!!!

After I convince myself that’s its only a bad dream. I accidentally looked up at my phone, 8:30 am. I don’t know why but my eyes are stocked looking at the numbers thinking what that means. Then after a while, I shout out and said “I have an agenda for today and my classmates are waiting for me at exactly 9:00 am, what am I suppose to do?

No breakfast, I just dressed up and picked my bag. Agenda? Yes! Me and my classmates are decided to go and look for the most beautiful spot of foreigners, and a pride of Filipino in terms of historical treasure. The Immaculate Conception Cathedral, wondering its our assignment from our professor. And just asking and talking why did our professor gave this kind of assignment? Why do we need to go personally to those churches while we can surf history from internet. Huh?? Ok! Just do it!

Gathering of my classmates as well as me. Its now time to have some ride. First place, Manila Cathedral at Intramuros!  As we get closer, I saw many foreigners having very pointed nose, but I’ve never be insecure, I am a Filipino. And they looked me as a foreigner too. What a vintage design. The ambience is like your in Spanish time. And in manila Cathedral itself is such a wonderful church. In a first look, you can barely say that it is barely a Romanesque Architecture. As we study  the structure from exterior to interior, we notice those huge Corinthian Order serves as posts. It has cross-vaults as its beam, but mostly, a dome is better for them. A very nationalistic and historical designs of art. Providing a side space as a room containing a history of Manila Cathedral. As read the article, I found out that the cathedral started as the Church of Manila established in 1571 by secular Juan de Vivero after the city came under Spanish rule on June 24^th.^]De Vivero, the chaplain on the galleon of San Geronimo, was sent by the Archbishop of Mexico to establish spiritual administraion in the new colony in the Philippines. Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, theconquistador of the city, chose the location of the church and the patronage of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception. The first parish priest of the church is Juan de Villanueva.

When the church was raised into a cathedral in 1579, a new structure made from nipa, wood and bamboo was constructed in 1581 by Bishop Domingo de Salazar, the first bishop of Manila. The new structure was consecrated on December 21, 1581 formally becaming a cathedral. The structure was destroyed by fire in 1583, which started during the funeral mass for Governor-General Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peñalosa in San Agustin Church that razed much of the city.

The second cathedral, which was made of stone, was built in 1592. It was destroyed by an earthquake in 1600.

Construction of the third cathedral began in 1614. The new structure, consisting of three naves and seven chapels, was blessed in 1614. It was toppled by another earthquake which shook Manila in 1645.

The magnificent fourth cathedral was constructed from 1654 to 1671. It was severely damaged in 1863 by a very strong earthquake that also damaged the Palace of the Governor General of the Philippines. In 1880, another earthquake toppled its bell tower, rendering the cathedral towerless until 1959

The present cathedral was constructed from 1954 to 1958 during the tenure of Manila Archbishop Rufino Jiao Cardinal Santos, and under the supervision of architect Fernando H. Ocampo.

Two Popes have celebrated Mass in the present Cathedral, Pope Paul VI in 1971 and Blessed Pope John Paul II in 1982, in which he elevated it to the rank of a Minor Basilicathrough a Motu Proprio

Next place, Immaculate Conception Cathedral.Mary’s immaculate conception (her being conceived free from original sin) must not be confused with her virginal conception of her son Jesus. This misunderstanding of the term immaculate conception is frequently met in the mass media. Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal conception herself and was the daughter of a human father and mother, traditionally known by the names of Saint Joachim and Saint Anne, and both Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy have condemned the belief that Mary was virginally conceived. The Church celebrates the Feast of the Immaculate Conception (when Mary was conceived free from original sin) on 8 December, exactly nine months before celebrating the Nativity of Mary. The feast of the Annunciation (which commemorates the virginal conception and theIncarnation of Jesus) is celebrated on 25 March, nine months before Christmas Day.

Also in the first look, the design is also Romanesque architecture. From the exterior, a big circular window as an identity of Romanesque. I found also a “horshoe” or a carved posts at walls serves as designs for façade.

Getting inside of the church, one word “WOW!!!” how amazing. Its very huge, and wide and very wonderful. At every side of this church, you can see the detailed of it. I also found out the big but minimal curved windows of it. Post, also they use Corinthian Greek order. Comparing to Manila Cathedral, Immaculate has more modern design of Romanesque art is what it achieve, considering they have the same designs, beams, posts, and ambience.

Hey!!! Hold on a second!! A big Corinthian posts inside of the structure, some horshoe decorating from the exterior, a wide and huge place, a well designed structure, cross-vault beams????? A Spanish time feeling many foreigners, Kalesa, such a wonderful and heaven like place.

Tugtoooogs… tugtooooogs….. tugtoooogs……..

I cant explain the fastening of my heartbeat. I don’t understand but I think this place is familiar to me, but I cant remember where I saw it.

Then, my classmate tell me some joke, “I want to marry you, just kiss my lips torridly!!!”I stop for a while, and suddenly look outside, realizing and saying “ARE MY DREAMS REAL???”

MY OWN MANIFESTO IN ARCHITECTURE

Architecture is among one of the most fascinating aspects of man’s work since the beginning of time. Architecture entails a timeline, as well as an expression of life, the society, and the talents of many people. It is a useful art and, like painting and sculpture, it can also be a fine art that touches all of our lives. Without architecture, there would be no buildings or art of any kind. It is the architects that designs and creates from imagination the structures that can be seen today.

The world of architecture is everywhere. It has been one of the major conquests of humanity to design structures to bring the thrill of lasting beauty to the eye of the beholder.
It is one of the most influential professions in today’s society. As an architect, you would have the responsibility to shape the environments in which people spend their daily lives.” Architecture reflects the society that builds it, but it also affects the way that society develops. There is a need for people with the imagination to create buildings and cities our society needs to keep pace with its evolution. Therefore, there is a high demand for architects as society grows. Simply enough, architects have to make drawings. They create all aspects of the built environment. An architect must build structures that can withstand the forces of nature and that must be sturdy to ensure safety. An architect must be exceptional at mathematics to undertake daily designing tasks. Most of all, natural talent in artistic creativity is a must in this job. One must obtain a degree in architecture to perform all of the necessary tasks required in the job. An architectural education equips people with the talents to enter a broad range of careers. The educational process of architecture is a long and grieving one. In high school, a prospective student should take challenging courses such as physics and calculus to prepare for the engineering side of the college education. Architectural colleges generally have a separate atmosphere from the rest of the school. Before going to an architectural college, one must realize the intensity of the work, and one must be entirely dedicated to this field of study in order to be successful. “The lights never go out in a school of architecture.” Most often, a student of a school of architecture will go on a five-year tract in college.
The first two years will be spent completing general education requirements, which is basically the same as many other students in different majors. Although there are some art and 3-dimensional designing courses that are taken in these first couple of years with a great emphasis on free-hand drawing skills; the student will not begin the study of actual structures until his or her junior year. These studies progress for the remaining years at the architectural school, but in the fourth year one will generally begin working on projects using CAD technology. Technical writing is also taken in these years that is the style of language that is commonly used in the work force. Universal code training is another subject of learning for the students, which may vary from state to state. After one graduates from an architectural college, there is still more training necessary to ensure quality and success. There is a minimum requirement of three years professional practice in an architect’s office or equivalent. The student will be an apprentice to his or her mentor in this stage, and will learn all the tasks done by a working architect through one-on-one training and cooperative projects. Once this stage is completed, the student can then take the state architectural exam to be able to work independently on his or her own. Therefore, an architect must become NAAV accredited. The test is eight hours in length, and tests everything that one should know to practice in that state. This test is a giant step for the student, who may walk out of the testing center an official architect. After years of experience on the job, an architect can be eligible to practice in more than one state. To practice from state to state, an architect must take an exam with the NCARB. One has to keep in mind the different environmental and building codes that vary from state to state. Certain states have more requirements than others, mainly due to differences in environments, landscapes, and natural disaster compensation. The education and testing fully prepares the student in becoming a successful architect. For most architects, the job is not solely confined to designing and making drawings. For many, the job is multi-faceted and cooperative. Besides drawing, architects perform many tasks throughout the workweek such as searching for projects, interviewing for jobs, surveying land, having meetings to discuss ideas, and writing technical reports. Detail is everything in an architect’s job, and relaying the ideas to coworkers and clients is even more important. People skills are a must for this job, for it is most often a collaborative effort on projects. A managerial architect is always making the balance between the number of workers on one project, and the speed at which the project must be completed. Quality is often sacrificed with the higher worker loads on one project; however, time is always spared. The job atmosphere is very professional, and the dress is still formal abroad. The designing of structures has changed drastically in the last decade due to advancement in technology. For thousands of years, designers and architects used only free-hand drawing skills on parchment or paper before the actual construction took place. In 1989, CAD (Computer Aided Drawing) was created in conjunction with the newfound computer age. In the first years of its development, the software was not beneficial over most architects’ free-hand drawing skills, for the technology was too slow and too unnatural for its users. However, in recent years, the software has become good enough and the computer processors have become fast enough to allow this CAD technology to actually outdo regular drawing methods. Now the designing process is faster, more precise, color coded, more professional, and simply easier than the old way. There is no telling how far the technology will improve, and how much time and energy will be saved in the process. There are many different branches of architecture. Conservation is the restoration of old, out-of-date, and usually historical buildings. There is domestic architecture, which is mainly the designing of new homes and apartment complexes. The most price worthy projects are within the major cities in the skyscrapers. Transportation architects design roads and highway systems. Naval architecture is the designing of naval ships. Landscape architecture is the reshaping of land for a desired effect such as a golf course. The list goes on and on. Many jobs fit the major natural talents and learned skills that I have. Engineering is a field that works with logical reasoning, mathematics and physics. Efficiency is the utmost goal for an engineer. Architects must know certain fields of engineering and physics to design strong buildings and structures. An interior designer uses his or her artistic talents to make a living space or workplace comfortable and appropriate for the environment that it resides in. They use color schemes, light variations, and creative artistic ability to accomplish this job; however, there is no serious physical structural designing skills required. Construction workers and builders work with their hands constantly to build structures that are designed by an architect, but there is little creativity involved in a construction worker’s job. An architect obtains all the skills necessary in designing structures that I have. Although architecture seems very challenging and time consuming, the rewards are unmistakable. A good architect can combine structural and physical knowledge with artistic creativity to create structures for society. An architect is talented and skilled in various areas. This would be a great responsibility for society, and an honor to do. Although I have very little experience in the technological area, I based my choice more on my mathematical interests. There will always be a need for architects as long as society continues to burgeon. This everlasting demand for architects is a promising feature in the work force today, especially since the signs of a slowing economy and increasing unemployment rates. Therefore, I will be pursuing a degree in architecture in college. My profound interests in mathematics, art, building, physics, designing, creativity, and a fulfilling sense of purpose are all fruits of architecture, which are carried out on the natural landscape that I love so much. In college, I will learn the knowledge and skills to be an architect, a job I was seemingly destined to do. Only then can I take all the skills and knowledge and passion for the field of architecture that I have to give back to the community which has so richly taken care of me.
But, how is it possible for us to have modern buildings? Of course like any other thing, architecture has its own history. As the two great countries of all times like Roman and Greece provides their knowledge about designing and constructing a different kinds of structure. Then we have evolution of architecture
Most systems are built to be in service over a long period of time. However, planning for productive use over a long period of time is difficult, since the future is fraught with uncertainty due to market, social, economic, political, and technological forces. These forces combine to determine the utility of a system.
Systems may react to these forces by undergoing a stream of changes. Individually, such changes are seemingly innocuous and are made to maintain or increase utility of the system. However, as the changes increase in number, they can become problematic over time. The system may eventually become hard to transform in reaction to forces of change. When changes are too costly or time consuming to make, the system ceases to evolve, does not fulfill its business or mission goals, and falls into obsolescence. And as an architectural students, I must provide my own design having concern not only for our future views but also collecting history to design according to our environment.

Influence of Romanesque Architecture in Churches!!!

Hi! Hello! It’s me again “JAMEZ”! And I’m Second Year College in Technological Institute of the Philippines, Quezon City and taking BS Architecture. Now our topic for History of Architecture 2 (HOA2) that Arch. Alvin Eber Arlanza given to us is all about Influence of Romanesque Architecture in Churches especially in the Philippines.

Well let’s talk first what is Romanesque Architecture? Roman Architecture is an architectural style of Medieval Europe characterized by semi-circular arches. There is no consensus for the beginning date of the Romanesque architecture, with proposals ranging from the 6th to the 10th century. It developed in the 12th century into the Gothic style, characterized by pointed arches. The examples of Romanesque Architecture can be found across the continent, making it the first pan-European architectural style since Imperial Roman Architecture.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

And what is the history of Romanesque Architecture? The history of Romanesque Architecture is in year 900 AD to 1200 AD, this is the time were declining of the Roman Empire led to the rise of independent states and nations of Europe – Gaul, Central Europe, etc. Frankish King Charlemagne was crowned emperor by pope in 800 AD, established the Holy Roman Empire, a title which lasted until 1806.                                                                                                             And now we go on to religion, I will tell a little bit information about influence of religion in Romanesque Architecture! The influence of religion in Romanesque Architecture is the rise of religious orders and these religious orders are Principal religious orders, Orders of Canons and Military orders. In Principal religious orders, the rise of Benedictine, Cluniac, Carthusian, Cistercian, and Secular Canons and in the Orders of Canons, the rise of Augustinian, Premonstratensian, and Gilbertine and lastly in Military orders, the rise of Knights Templar, Knights Hospitallers, Mendicant Orders of Friar. The Science,letters, art and culture are the monopoly of orders. Also religious are fervor expressed in art, cathedrals and monastic buildings.

And because of religious fervor expressed in art, monastic buildings and “cathedrals”! That was the time where our instructor / professor Arch. Alvin Eber Arlanza in History of Architecture 2 wants us to go the churches in the Philippines that influence by the Romanesque Architecture and the two of that famous cathedrals in the Philippines is the Manila Cathedral and Immaculate Conception!

The Manila Metropolitan Cathedral-Basilica or also known as the Cathedral-Basilica of the Immaculate Conception and informally as Manila Cathedral is a prominent Latin Rite Roman Catholic Basilica located inside of the famous Intramurus where Dr. Jose Protacio Rizal our national hero was been jailed in the Manila, Philippines, honoring the Blessed Virgin Mary as Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception, the Patroness of the Philippines. Originally a parish church governed by the diocese of Mexico in 1571, it became a separate diocese on February 6, 1579 upon the issuance of a Papal bull by Pope Gregory XIII. The cathedral serves both as the Prime Basilica of the Philippines and highest seat of Archbishop in the country. The cathedral has been damaged and destroyed several times since the original cathedral was built in 1581. The eighth and current incarnation of the cathedral was completed in 1958 and was consecrated as a minor basilica in 1981. The current-elect for the Apostolic papal Nuncio of the Philippines is Archbishop Giuseppe Pinto. It is the highest seat of the Roman Catholic Archidiocese of the Philippines, while the current Archpriest of the Basilica-Cathedral is Cardinal Gaudencio Rosales. But there are many things happened this past few centuries of this Manila Cathedral.

You fill see in this picture what happened in Manila Cathedral because of the war. The Manila Cathedral was destroy because of the war and in year 1937, they restored without the bell tower which collapsed during the 1880 earthquake. The Manila Cathedral was ruin after World War II (circa 1945), it was December 10, 1942, when a boats moored alongside pasig river went up in smoke as Japanese planes bombed them. and on February 3,1945, the USAFFE forces entered Manila and liberated American internees from the University of Sto. Tomas. The city went up in flames on the next day as retreating Japanese set fire to houses and buildings. The war started with Manila burning and ended with almost the entire city being swept off by fire and bombardment of both Japanese and American Artillery. The Manila Cathedral was not spared.

 

 

 

 

 

 

The ruins of Manila Cathedral were saved from being levelled down upon the opportune intervention of a Manila resident.

And after that war, that was the time Arch. Fernando Ocampo reconstruct the Manila Cathedral. Arch. Fernando Ocampo is the one of the founders of the UST School of Fine Arts and Architecture was established in 1930.

What I admire in Manila Cathedral is the design and details of the church. You will see inside and outside the architectural characteristics of the church.The first architectural characteristics that i was see is the

Rose or Wheel window was often placed over the west door and the Glass seems not to have come into general use till the 9th century.

Door and window openings are very characteristic, with jambs formed in a series of receding moulded planes known as “orders”.

Roman cross-vaults were gradually superseded by rib and panel vaulting, in which a framework of ribs support thin stone panels and Groins had previously been settled naturally by the intersection of the vault surfaces; this arrangement produced the quadripartite vault.

The addition of transepts and the prolongation of the sanctuary of chancel made the church a well-defined cross on plan.

Towers, either square, octagonal or circular, are prominent features of most Romanesque churches.

Walls were often built with pilaster strips connected at the top by bands of horizontal mouldings or by a series of semicircular arches.

The Immaculate Conception  Cathedral, formally known as the Cubao Cathedral, is a Roman Catholic church located at Lantana Street, Cubao, Quezon City in the Philippines. It is the cathedral or seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cubao. It is also part of the Vicariate of the Holy Family. It was created in 1950, by the Society of the Divine Word, belonging to them until 1990, when the Archdiocese of Cubao took over the administration. On August 28, 2003, the Diocese of Cubao was inaugurated, with the elevation of the parish into the status of a Cathedral.

And what is the history of the Immaculate Conception?

The original church, built in 1853was located on Main Street just northof Waverly Square, immediately northof the Eastchester Fire Department.

THE FIRST CHURCH

It was Fr. McLoughlin who established and built the first Church of the Immaculate Conception in 1853. He built the simple but sturdy wooden structure on Main Street just north of Waverly Square, on what is now the vacant land immediately north of Eastchester Fire Headquarters (in truth, that was then the heart of Waverly). The property was acquired from Abijah G. Morgan, one of Tuckahoe’s three major quarry owners.

AN INDEPENDENT PARISH

The Church was 25 years old when, in early 1878, Very Rev. William Quinn, vicar general of the Archdiocese, came to Tuckahoe and conducted a public meeting in the Church. As a result of his recommendations to the Archbishop, John Cardinal McCloskey (who had become America’s first cardinal three years before), Immaculate Conception was canonically erected as an independent parish.

THE PARISH TODAY

Today, 125 years later, Immaculate Conception has grown from a modest wooden Church of some 156 parishioners to what is sometimes referred to as the “Cathedral on Winter Hill” which includes the members of more than 2,100 registered families. The figures for 1977, the most recent ones available, show that in that year there were 101 baptisms, 129 confirmations, 51 marriages and 61 funerals.

And what I’m admire in Immaculate Conception Church is same as the Manila Cathedral. They are have also same Architectural Characteristic, just like:

Rose or Wheel window was often placed over the west door and the Glass seems not to have come into general use till the 9th century. And the walls were often built with pilaster strips connected at the top by bands of horizontal mouldings or by a series of semicircular arches.

 

Door and window openings are very characteristic, with jambs formed in a series of receding moulded planes known as “orders”.And the towers, either square, octagonal or circular, are prominent features of most Romanesque churches.

 

Roman cross-vaults were gradually superseded by rib and panel vaulting, in which a framework of ribs support thin stone panels and Groins had previously been settled naturally by the intersection of the vault surfaces; this arrangement produced the quadripartite vault.

And that’s why this two Cathedral was admire me in becoming a future architect!!! because it’s the one of the dreams to build or design a churches specially cathedrals like them. Thank you for reading…(>_<) XD This is JAMEZ REVILLA “sign in off”!!!